Sepsis: What is it and how do I spot the signs?
Unsure as to what Sepsis is, or the signs and symptoms of it? We've got a fact file to ensure you know what to look for.
What is Sepsis?
Sepsis is a common and potentially life-threatening condition triggered by an infection.
The body's immune system goes into overdrive, setting off a series of reactions including:
Widespread inflammation
Swelling
Blood clotting
It can lead to a significant decrease in blood pressure, which can mean the blood supply to vital organs like the brain, heart and kidneys is reduced.
Symptoms of Sepsis:
A high temperature (fever)
Chills and shivering
A fast heartbeat
Fast breathing
In some cases, symptoms of more severe sepsis or septic shock (when your blood pressure drops to a dangerously low level) can develop within hours.
These can include:
Feeling dizzy or faint
A change in mental state, such as confusion or disorientation
Diarrhoea
Nausea and vomiting
Slurred speech
Severe muscle pain
Severe breathlessness
Decreased urine production (for example, not urinating for a day)
Cold, clammy and pale or mottled skin
Loss of consciousness
When do I seek medical advice?
See your GP immediately if you have recently had an infection or injury and you have possible early signs of sepsis.
Severe sepsis and septic shock are medical emergencies. If you think that you or someone in your care has one of these conditions, call 999 and ask for an ambulance.
What happens if it goes untreated?
If not treated quickly, sepsis can eventually lead to multiple organ failure and death.
Who's at risk?
Anyone can develop sepsis after an injury or minor infection, although some people are more vulnerable.
People most at risk of sepsis include those:
With a medical condition or receiving medical treatment that weakens their immune system
Who are already in hospital with a serious illness
Who are very young or very old
Who have just had surgery or who have wounds or injuries as a result of an accident.