On a disastrous night for Labour, which saw a string of the party's strongholds fall to the Tories, Mr Corbyn said he would not be leading the party into the next general election.
He did, however, say he intended to take the party through a "process of reflection" while they considered the way forward.
As results began to roll in, Mr Corbyn was rounded on by angry Labour MPs and defeated candidates who said his leadership was to blame for their catastrophic showing and called on him to go.
Among those who spoke out against their leader were outgoing Sedgefield MP Phil Wilson and outgoing Redcar MP Anna Turley.
Jeremy Corbyn also came under fire from some of his party members who retained their seats.
SEDGEFIELD
Outgoing MP
Phil Wilson - Labour
Phil Wilson, who lost Tony Blair's former seat of Sedgefield to the Tories, said attempts by the leadership to put the result down to Brexit was "mendacious nonsense".
Incoming MP
Paul Howell - Conservatives
Allies of the Labour leader, however, insisted the defeat was down to the inability to overcome differences over Brexit rather than a rejection of Mr Corbyn's radical left wing policy programme.
The party was left with just 203 seats - down from the 262 it won in the 2017 general election and the 243 it held when Parliament was dissolved in November.