Scarlet Fever: Symptoms, treatment and advice

Public Health England says there's been a sharp rise in the number of scarlet fever cases being reported across the country - the third annual increase season in a row.

Across the Midlands, the rate of scarlet fever occurring has gone up over the last five years.

The East Midlands has the second highest rate of the illness in the entire country.

Meanwhile, the rate has also gone up in the West Midlands.

• What is scarlet fever?

Scarlet fever is an infectious disease caused by bacteria that can be found on the skin or in the throat. It is recognised by a rash, usually accompanied by a sore throat. The bacteria that cause the infection produce toxins which lead to a rash, a red and swollen tongue and flushed cheeks.

The disease is mainly found in children and is most common between the ages of two and eight. It was once dangerous but antibotic treatment means it is now much less common and less serious. However, between 2,000 and 4,000 cases are diagnosed each year.

• Why has there been a rise in the number of scarlet fever cases?

Public Health England insist that the rise in new cases is not because of a new strain of scarlet fever.

• How can I protect myself from scarlet fever?

Scarlet fever is spread through the mucus or saliva of infected people. To ensure you don't get the illness, you should avoid sharing eating utensils or drinking vessels with an infected person.

In addition, make sure you dispose of tissues used by an infected person and wash your hands regularly.

• What are the symptoms of scarlet fever?

It usually takes two to five days from infection for symptoms to appear. There are some clear symptoms of the illness which you can look out for if you are concerned that you have contracted it:

• First symptoms include a sore throat, headache, fever, nausea and vomiting.

• Development of a red rash which feels like sandpaper, typically on the chest and stomach before spreading across the body,.

• Fever over 38.3°C (101°F)

• White coating on the tongue

• Swollen neck glands

• Flushed red face - but pale around the mouth

• Peeling skin on the fingertips, toes and groin.

• What is the treatment for scarlet fever?

Usually, scarlet fever is treated with a 10-day course of antibiotics. The fever will usually subside 24 hours after starting this.

If not treated with antibiotics, it can be infectious for two to three weeks after the symptoms appear.

If you have a high fever, make sure you drink plenty of fluids. You can also take paracetamol or ibuprofen.