Joe Biden commutes 37 death row sentences before Trump can resume executions
Joe Biden has commuted the sentences of 37 out of the 40 people on federal death row just weeks before President-elect Donald Trump, an outspoken proponent of expanding capital punishment, takes office.
The announcement means the convicts will now serve life sentences.
The move spares the lives of people convicted in killings, including police and military officers, people on federal land and those involved in deadly bank robberies or drug deals, as well as the killings of guards or prisoners in federal facilities.
It means just three federal inmates are still facing execution. They are Dylann Roof, who carried out the 2015 racist killings of nine Black members of Mother Emanuel AME Church in Charleston, South Carolina; 2013 Boston Marathon bomber Dzhokhar Tsarnaev; and Robert Bowers, who fatally shot 11 members of the congregation at Pittsburgh’s Tree of Life Synagogue in 2018, the deadliest antisemitic attack in US history.
"I’ve dedicated my career to reducing violent crime and ensuring a fair and effective justice system," Biden said in a statement.
"Today, I am commuting the sentences of 37 of the 40 individuals on federal death row to life sentences without the possibility of parole.
"These commutations are consistent with the moratorium my administration has imposed on federal executions, in cases other than terrorism and hate-motivated mass murder."
The Biden administration in 2021 suspended federal executions and he said he planned to go further on the issue, pledging to end federal executions without the caveats for terrorism and hate-motivated, mass killings.
While running for president in 2020, Biden’s campaign website said he would "work to pass legislation to eliminate the death penalty at the federal level and incentivise states to follow the federal government’s example."
Similar language didn’t appear on Biden’s reelection website before he left the presidential race in July.
"Make no mistake: I condemn these murderers, grieve for the victims of their despicable acts, and ache for all the families who have suffered unimaginable and irreparable loss," Biden’s statement said. "But guided by my conscience and my experience as a public defender, chairman of the Senate Judiciary Committee, vice president, and now president, I am more convinced than ever that we must stop the use of the death penalty at the federal level."
He took a political jab at Trump, saying: "In good conscience, I cannot stand back and let a new administration resume executions that I halted."
Trump, who takes office on January 20, has spoken frequently of expanding executions. In a speech announcing his 2024 campaign, Trump called for those “caught selling drugs to receive the death penalty for their heinous acts.”
During his first term as president, Trump also advocated for the death penalty for drug dealers.
There were 13 federal executions during Trump’s first term, more than under any president in modern history.
Biden faced recent pressure from advocacy groups urging him to act to make it more difficult for Trump to increase the use of capital punishment for federal inmates.
The president’s announcement also comes less than two weeks after he commuted the sentences of roughly 1,500 people who were released from prison and placed on home confinement during the pandemic, and of 39 others convicted of nonviolent crimes, the largest single-day act of clemency in modern history.
The announcement also followed the post-election pardon that Biden granted his son Hunter on federal gun and tax charges after long saying he would not issue one, sparking an uproar in Washington.
The pardon also raised questions about whether he would issue sweeping preemptive pardons for administration officials and other allies who the White House worries could be unjustly targeted by Trump’s second administration.
Speculation that Biden could commute federal death sentences intensified last week after the White House announced he plans to visit Italy on the final foreign trip of his presidency next month.
Biden, a practising Catholic, will meet with Pope Francis, who recently called for prayers for US death row inmates in hopes their sentences will be commuted.
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