HS2: What is it, how much has it cost, and how have the plans changed?

An artist's impression of an HS2 train. Credit: PA

The prime minister is reportedly considering axing plans for the HS2 high-speed rail link to run from Birmingham to Manchester amid soaring costs.

Critics of such a move include former prime ministers Boris Johnson, some business leaders and Labour mayors of Greater Manchester and London, Andy Burnham and Sadiq Khan.

But Chancellor Jeremy Hunt has suggested the scheme is “out of control” and former transport secretary Grant Shapps said the government could not write an “open-ended cheque” if costs continue to rise.

A decision on the fate of the project’s Manchester leg is expected in the coming days.

Here is a look at what HS2 is, the costs involved, and how plans have changed.

What is HS2?

A project for a high-speed rail line linking some of the country’s largest cities, intended to connect London, the Midlands and the north of England, with construction split into three phases.

Gordon Brown’s Labour government set up HS2 Ltd in 2009 and the project has been backed by successive Conservative governments since 2010.

In 2020, then premier Mr Johnson recommitted his government to the scheme following a review.

What has it cost so far?

In 2013, HS2 was estimated to cost £37.5 billion in 2009 prices but the sums have continued to spiral.

A budget of £55.7 billion for the whole of HS2 was set in 2015 but some reports suggest costs have now surpassed £100 billion, having been driven up by recent inflation rises.

Grant Shapps said it would be irresponsible to keep pumping money into HS2 if costs were soaring Credit: Stefan Rousseau/PA

What were the original plans?

Phase 1: London Euston to Birmingham Curzon Street, with intermediate stations at Old Oak Common in the western suburbs and at Birmingham Airport.

Phase 2A: To extend the line from Fradley in the West Midlands to Crewe in Cheshire.

Phase 2B: Comprised of an eastern leg from the West Midlands to the East Midlands and a western leg from Crewe to Manchester.

How have the ambitions shrunk?

Ministers have already moved to pause parts of the project and even axed sections in the north.

The eastern leg between Birmingham and Leeds was reduced to a spur line which is due to end in the East Midlands.

It was confirmed in March that construction between Birmingham and Crewe would be delayed by two years and that services may not enter central London until the 2040s.

Mayor of Greater Manchester Andy Burnham has criticised the government's row-back. Credit: PA

Transport Secretary Mark Harper announced that work at Euston would be paused for two years as costs were forecast to almost double to £4.8 billion.

The pause means Old Oak Common, in the capital’s western suburbs, will be the railway’s only London station when services to and from Birmingham Curzon Street begin between 2029 and 2033.

The prime minister is reportedly now considering scrapping the route from Birmingham to Manchester, with a decision on the fate of the leg north from Birmingham is expected within days.

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